Portal Hypertension

What is Portal Hypertension?

Portal hypertension is high blood pressure in the portal vein system, which carries blood from the intestines to the liver. It is commonly caused by liver cirrhosis, but may also result from portal vein thrombosis or congenital vascular disorders.

 

Symptoms of Portal Hypertension

• Enlarged spleen (splenomegaly)

• Swelling in the abdomen (ascites)

• Variceal bleeding (esophageal or gastric varices)

• Hepatic encephalopathy (confusion and memory issues)

• Abdominal pain and digestive problems

 

Surgical and Interventional Management

• Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS) – A minimally invasive procedure creating a pathway between the portal and hepatic veins to reduce pressure.

• Distal Splenorenal Shunt (DSRS) – Redirects blood flow from the spleen to the kidney vein, bypassing the liver.

• Surgical Portosystemic Shunts – Includes mesocaval or portocaval shunts for severe cases.

• Liver Transplantation – The definitive treatment for end-stage liver disease and refractory portal hypertension.